Aids And Symptoms

December 1, the World AIDS Day
December 1 is recalled as the World AIDS Day. It is a method to educate the persons with regards to AIDS so that we may concentrate on the fight versus AIDS and have the future planning to fight versus it and find a solid solution to delete it from our planet earth.
What is AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)? It is a disorder of cell mediated immune scheme of the body. There is a reduction in the number of cells called helper T-cells which stimulate antibody production by B-cells. This result in the loss of natural defense versus viral infection.
AIDS-Related Complex (ARC) It is a mild form of AIDS. Its sensations or changes are swollen lymph nodes, fever, sweating at night and weight loss. Patients with ARC have a high possibleness of early development of AIDS. ARC is likewise known as a predromal AIDS.
Discovery of AIDS
AIDS was firstborn noticed in USA in h-o-m-o-s-e-x-u-a-l-s in 1981. Virus of AIDS was apart and identified by Prof. Luc Montagnier in France in 1983 and closely the same time by Prof. Robert Gallo in USA. AIDS contagions were detected in India for the introductory time in prostitutes of Chennai in 1986.
The AIDS virus may have passed from a monkey host into humane population in Africa for the duration of 1960s.
Pathogen (Causative Agent)
The virus was identified and named as HCLV III (Human cell leukemia Virus III), but now the name of the virus is changed to HIV (Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus). Structure of AIDS virus: it consist of glycoprotein cost, double layer of lipid membranes and two protein coats. It holds RNA and reverse transcriptase enzyme.
Incubation Period
The incubation amount of time of HIV is amid 15-27 months. Average incubation amount of time is 28 months.
Diagnosis:
AIDS may be diagnosed by ELISA test and WESTERN BLOT test (year 2004).
Treatment: No specific treatments of AIDS have been found so far (year 2004) and the mortality from AIDS is 100%. Still two treatments are tried:
- Antiviral therapy-against pathogen (HIV)
- Immuno-stimulative therapy to increase the number of resistance-providing cells in the body. A drug named Zidovudine prolongs the life of AIDS patients.
Reason for AIDS
AIDS virus is transmitted only via:
- Blood
- Semen
Therefore the main causes for AIDS are the following:
Transmission of infected blood or blood products.
- Use of contaminated needles and syringes to inject drugs or vaccines.
- Use of contaminated razors.
- Use of contaminated needles.
- Having s-e-x with an infected collaborator without a c-o-n-d-o-m.
- Parturition from mother to baby due to rupturing of blood vessels.
- Artificial insemination.
- Organ transplant.
Precaution versus AIDS
At present we don’t have a perfective treatment to heal AIDS because no vaccine has been prepared so far versus AIDS virus but a lot of precautions have been suggested. Following are the most crucial measures that may support in preventing the AIDS.
- Use c-o-n-do-m while having s-e-x with such a collaborator when it comes to whom your cognition is limited. Best is you ought to not maintain s-e-x-u-a-l relations with more than one partner. And a message to boys (men), have respect for girls (women), have s-e-x you’re your beloved/wife only don’t use them as s-e-x gadget.
- Pay attention while donating blood for any purpose, Disposable needles and syringes will have to be used. Used needles and syringes must be destroyed.
- Use your own blade and shaving razor and don’t percentage it with anyone, any individual means not even your family members.
- Pay attention while taking treatment from a doctor, for example dentist must use sterilized equipments.
- Take all precautionary First Aid measures while treating a wound or injuries i.e. wear hand gloves to prevent a direct contact with blood of the patient.
Myths regarding AIDS, it can not be acquired by the following:
- AIDS does not disseminate through air, water and normal physical contact.
- It does not disseminate through insect bites like mosquito bites.
- It does not disseminate through k-i-s-s-i-n-g, shaking hands, coughing and sneezing.
- It does not disseminate through sharing towels, utilities, telephone, swimming pools and toilets.
- If a husband or wife is suffering from AIDS then it is not necessary that it is collaborator too have the disease.
- It is not necessary that a mother suffering from AIDS will always give birth to a child suffering from AIDS, new born babies may be protected by giving proper treatment.
Our Social Duties
AIDS cannot be got rid of from the world unless we comprehend our social duties. To fight versus AIDS we will have to carry out these duties:
- A person suffering from AIDS ought to not maintain s-e-x-u-a-l relations with anyone.
- A person suffering from AIDS must take proper medical treatment when get injured and prevent any one to come in direct contact with the HIV infected blood.
- We must not hate the AIDS people who are in need of medical care rather increase their moral to a normal social life.
- We must follow the necessary medical precautions listed above to live along the HIV infected person.
- We must educate the humans regarding AIDS like this or any other means.
AIDS reference centers in India
In India, four reference centers have been established (2004)
- AIIMS, New Delhi
- National Institute of Communicable Diseases, New Delhi
- National Institute of Virology, Pune
- Centre for Advanced Research on Virology, CMC, Vollore.
“HATE AIDS NOT THE PATIENT”
About the Author
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Today all of us are conscious of the terms HIV and AIDS. The disease has killed millions of people global and it is approximated that 40 million people are HIV infected. We were incognizant of the HIV and AIDS till early 1980. Nobody knows from where the virus came. It is all assumptions that scientists and researchers may make. Researchers have their view on the origin of HIV and begin of AIDS. But how incisively one may state can not be said. There are a great deal of theories in regards to the origin of the HIV virus but none of them have been proved.
No record of HIV virus exists in history and it has been said that it started in central Africa and from there it started spreading tardily and slowly.
HIV was identified in 1983.Earlier the researchers found that chimps acquired the disease from eating one of their favored preys: monkeys.
"Chimps are 98 percent genetically the same as humans, and they do not get sick from HIV. This is an specially essential clue for devising an HIV vaccine", the researchers said. "Understanding what prevents chimps from getting sick would help scientists duplicate resistance to AIDS sensations or changes in humans."
Researchers say, "Chimps likely picked up viruses from both types of monkeys, and in the long run a hybrid formed". The researchers said, "That probably happened tens of thousands of years ago, which may have given chimps an probability to evolve resistance to an AIDS-like disease."
Some researchers say that virus affiliated to HIV is found in monkeys in Africa. Many scientists believe that the original persons got the HIV virus from monkeys by eating them as feed or being scratched or bitten by them. It is possible that for the duration of preparation of the feed or butchering the meat the infected blood could have entered the humane body through a cut.
A Canadian flight attendant, nicknamed "patient zero" dies of AIDS as he had sexual connection with assorted of the primary victims of AIDS. It is believed that he is responsible for introducing the virus into the usual population. By 1984 there are almost 8000 confirmed cases in the US, with 3700 confirmed deaths.
It is also said that the AIDS virus was initial ran into by Robert at the National Cancer Institute in April 1984.
The two 'co-discoverers' of HIV carry on to disagree in regards to the origin of HIV and the birthplace of AIDS till date.
In the middle 1980s the Human Virus (HIV) was identified by French and American scientists as virus that leads to AIDS.
During Mid - late 1990s there was significant increase in HIV in drug users due to injection of drug, Aboriginal peoples, women, and street-involved youth.
Today, after so much of exploration and studies when it comes to the origin of HIV and commence of AIDS the main goal of the scientists is to reduce and eradicate the HIV virus that causes the incurable AIDS.

About the Author
Tao Le, MD, MHS is Assistant Professor of medicine and Pediatrics in the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology at The University of Louisville (Louisville, KY). He is the founder of USMLE Rx.com, an online subscription database of USMLE review questions.
Vikas Bhushan, MD exercises diagnostic radiology from his home-base in Los Angeles, CA.
Nathan Skelley is the senior student editor.
Contributing Authors and Junior Editors are from Yale University School of medicine and The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
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